DESCRIPTION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF CNT

1. SWCNT [Short Length]


SSA: 450 - 550 m2/g
Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm
SWNTs Ash :  1.6 wt%              Metal Content: Nil              Thermal conductivity: 3000 ± 450 W/m.K Density: 1.33 - 1.4g.cm3           Color: Black                   Current Carrying Capacity: 1 Billion A/cm2 Tensile Strength: 45 Billion Pa                 Temperature stability: 2800 degrees Celcius in vacuum Rate:

Single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) Purity : 98 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
 70 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 3 - 8 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 2 wt%          Price Range 1-10gms($120/gm) ; 11-25gms($110/gm) ;       26-50gms($100/gm);       51-100gms($90/gm);       101-250gms($80/gm);         251-500gms($70/gm) 501-1000gms($60/gm)

 Single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) Purity -  90 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
 65 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 3 - 8 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content <5 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($110/gm);               11-25gms($100/gm) 26-50gms($90/gm);         51-100gms($80/gm) ;      101-250gms($70/gm) ;        251-500gms($60/gm) 501-1000gms($50/gm)

S-SL-3 Single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs)      Purity -  80 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
50 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 3 - 8 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 5 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($100/gm);     11-25gms($90/gm);                26-50gms($80/gm);      51-100gms($70/gm);      101-250gms($60/gm);          251-500gms($50/gm) ;  501-1000gms($40/gm)

2.      SWCNT [Medium Length]                          SSA: 450 - 550m2/g Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm SWNTs Ash : 1.6 wt%                Metal Content: Nil               Thermal conductivity: 3000 ± 450 W/m.K Density: 1.33 - 1.4g.cm3              Color: Black                      Current Carrying Capacity: 1 Billion A/cm2 Tensil Strength: 45 Billion Pa                                  Temperature stability: 2800 degrees Celcius in vacuum

S-ML-1 Single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) Purity - 98 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
 70 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 5 - 15 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content -2 wt%              Price Range 1-10gms($120/gm)    11-25gms($110/gm)      26-50gms($100/gm)         51-100gms($90/gm)         101-250gms($80/gm)         251-500gms($70/gm) 501-1000gms($60/gm)

S-ML-2 Single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) Purity -  90 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
65 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 5 - 15 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content -5 wt%       Price Range       1-10gms($110/gm)         11-25gms($100/gm) 26-50gms($90/gm)     51-100gms($80/gm)      101-250gms($70/gm)                 251-500gms($60/gm) 501-1000gms($50/gm)

S-ML-3 Single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) Purity -  80 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
 50 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 5 - 15 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 5 wt%     Price Range          1-10gms($100/gm)           11-25gms($90/gm)26-50gms($80/gm)          51-100gms($70/gm)        101-250gms($60/gm)            251-500gms($50/gm)501-1000gms($40/gm)

3.    SWCNT [Long Length] SSA: 450 - 550 m2/g      Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm 
SWNTs Ash 1.6 wt%              Metal Content: Nil            Thermal conductivity: 3000 ± 450 W/m.K Density: 1.33 - 1.4g.cm3          Color: Black            Current Carrying Capacity: 1 Billion A/cm2           Tensil Strength: 45 Billion Pa              Temperature stability: 2800 degrees Celcius in vacuum

S-LL-1 Single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) Purity 98 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
70 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 15 - 30 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 2 wt%       Price Range    1-10gms($120/gm)               11-25gms($110/gm)26-50gms($100/gm)         51-100gms($90/gm)           101-250gms($80/gm)             251-500gms($70/gm)501-1000gms($60/gm)

 S-LL-2 Single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) Purity  90 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
65 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 15 - 30 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 5 wt%         Price Range     1-10gms($110/gm)         11-25gms($100/gm)26-50gms($90/gm)           51-100gms($80/gm)          101-250gms($70/gm)        251-500gms($60/gm)501-1000gms($50/gm)

S-LL-3 Single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) Purity  80 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
50 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 15 - 30 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 5 wt%          Price Range      1-10gms($100/gm)          11-25gms($90/gm)26-50gms($80/gm)            51-100gms($70/gm)             101-250gms($60/gm)          251-500gms($50/gm)501-1000gms($40/gm)

4.     MWCNT [Short Length]       SSA: 50 - 350 m2/g            Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm              SWNTs Ash - 1.6 wt%             Metal Content: Nil           Thermal conductivity: 2400 ± 400 W/m.K         Color: Black                 Current Carrying Capacity: 1 Billion A/cm2          Tensil Strength: 45 Billion Pa Temperature stability: 700 degrees Celcius in vacuum

M - SL - 1 Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNTs) Purity - 90 vol% (CNTs)
70 vol% (Multi-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12+ (TEM)
Length 3 - 10 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 5 wt%           Price Range                1-10gms($60/gm)11-25gms($55/gm)26-50gms($50/gm)          51-100gms($45/gm)             101-250gms($40/gm)           251-500gms($35/gm)501-1000gms($30/gm)   

M - SL - 2 Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNTs)    Purity -  80 vol% (CNTs)
65 vol% (Multi-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12+ (TEM)
Length 3 - 10 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 6 wt%             Price Range       1-10gms($50/gm)           11-25gms($45/gm)26-50gms($40/gm)             51-100gms($35/gm)         101-250gms($30/gm)       251-500gms($25/gm)501-1000gms($20/gm)

M - SL - 3 Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNTs) Purity- 65 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
50 vol% (Multi-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12+ (TEM)
Length 3 - 10 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 8 wt%      Price Range      1-10gms($40/gm)               11-25gms($35/gm)26-50gms($30/gm)             51-100gms($25/gm)         101-250gms($20/gm)        251-500gms($15/gm)501-1000gms($10/gm)

5.  MWCNT [Medium Length] SSA: 50 - 350 m2/g           Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm              SWNTs Ash : - 1.6 wt%               Metal Content: Nil              Thermal conductivity: 2400 ± 400 W/m.K Color: Black                   Current Carrying Capacity: 1 Billion A/cm2     Tensil Strength: 45 Billion Pa Temperature stability: 700 degrees Celcius in vacuum


M - ML - 1 Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNTs) Purity - 90 vol% (CNTs)
70 vol% (Multi-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12 (TEM)
Length 5 - 15 µm

Price Range   1-10gms($60/gm)    11-25gms($55/gm)    26-50gms($50/gm)          51-100gms($45/gm)101-250gms($40/gm)    251-500gms($35/gm)    501-1000gms($30/gm)



M - ML - 2 Multi-walled nanotubes (SWNTs)
Purity > 80 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
>65 vol% (Multi-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12+ (TEM)
Length 5 - 15 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 6 wt%           Price Range 1-10gms($50/gm)               11-25gms($45/gm)26-50gms($40/gm)           51-100gms($35/gm)           101-250gms($30/gm)        251-500gms($25/gm)501-1000gms($20/gm)

 M - ML - 3 Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNTs) Purity - 70 vol% (CNTs)
50 vol% (Multi-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12 + (TEM)
Length 5 - 15 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 8 wt%           Price Range    1-10gms($40/gm)            11-25gms($35/gm)26-50gms($30/gm)        51-100gms($25/gm)       101-250gms($20/gm)              251-500gms($15/gm)501-1000gms($10/gm)


6. MWCNT [Long Length]      SSA: 50 - 350 m2/g       Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm                          SWNTs Ash- 1.6 wt%       Metal Content: Nil            Thermal conductivity: 2400 ± 400 W/m.K          Color: Black              Current Carrying Capacity: 1 Billion A/cm2       Tensil Strength: 45 Billion Pa Temperature stability: 700 degrees Celcius in vacuum

M - LL - 1 Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNTs) Purity - 90 vol% (CNTs)
 70 vol% (Multi-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12 + (TEM)
Length 15 - 30 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 5 wt%        Price Range          1-10gms($60/gm)         11-25gms($55/gm)26-50gms($50/gm)                51-100gms($45/gm)          101-250gms($40/gm)      251-500gms($35/gm)501-1000gms($30/gm)

 M - LL - 2 Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNTs) Purity - 80 vol% (CNTs)
 65 vol% (Multi-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12 + (TEM)
Length 15 - 30 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content -6 wt%         Price Range    1-10gms($50/gm)    11-25gms($45/gm)           26-50gms($40/gm)          51-100gms($35/gm)         101-250gms($30/gm)          251-500gms($25/gm)501-1000gms($20/gm)

M - LL - 3 Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNTs) Purity - 70 vol% (CNTs)
 50 vol% (Multi-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12 + (TEM)
Length 15 - 30 µm

Amorphous Carbon Content - 8 wt%      Price Range 1-10gms($40/gm)     11-25gms($35/gm)        26-50gms($30/gm)      51-100gms($25/gm)     101-250gms($20/gm)    251-500gms($15/gm)   501-1000gms($10/gm)

7. COOH - FUNCTIONALIZED SWCNT [Short Length] -COOH content: 0.5 ~ 3 wt% SSA: 350 - 500 m2/g Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm Metal Content: Nil Content of -OH: < 2 wt% Color: Black Ash: <1>3wt%
Current Carrying Capacity: 1 Billion A/cm2
Tensil Strength: 45 Billion Pa
Temperature stability: 2800 degrees Celcius in vacuum
Thermal conductivity: 2400 ± 400 W/m.K


SC - SL - 1 Single-walled nanotubes-COOH functionalized
Purity > 98 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 70 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 3 - 8 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <2 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($200/gm)11-25gms($180/gm)26-50gms($160/gm) SC - SL - 2 Single-walled nanotubes-COOH functionalized Purity > 90 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 65 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 3 - 8 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <5 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($190/gm)11-25gms($170/gm)26-50gms($150/gm) SC - SL - 3 Single-walled nanotubes-COOH functionalized Purity > 80 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 50 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 3 - 8 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <5 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($180/gm)11-25gms($160/gm)26-50gms($140/gm) 8. COOH - FUNCTIONALIZED SWCNT [Medium Length] -COOH content: 0.5 ~ 3 wt% SSA: 350 - 500 m2/g Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm Metal Content: Nil Content of -OH: < 2 wt% Color: Black Ash: <1>3wt%
Current Carrying Capacity: 1 Billion A/cm2
Tensil Strength: 45 Billion Pa
Temperature stability: 2800 degrees Celcius in vacuum
Thermal conductivity: 2400 ± 400 W/m.K


SC - ML - 1 Single-walled nanotubes-COOH functionalized
Purity > 98 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 70 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 5 - 15 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <2 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($200/gm)11-25gms($180/gm)26-50gms($160/gm) SC - ML - 2 Single-walled nanotubes-COOH functionalized Purity > 90 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 65 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 5 - 15 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <5 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($190/gm)11-25gms($170/gm)26-50gms($150/gm) SC - ML - 3 Single-walled nanotubes-COOH functionalized Purity > 80 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 50 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 5 - 15 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <5 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($180/gm)11-25gms($160/gm)26-50gms($140/gm) 9. COOH - FUNCTIONALIZED SWCNT [Long Length] -COOH content: 0.5 ~ 3 wt% SSA: 350 - 500 m2/g Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm Metal Content: Nil Content of -OH: < 2 wt% Color: Black Ash: <1>3wt%
Current Carrying Capacity: 1 Billion A/cm2
Tensil Strength: 45 Billion Pa
Temperature stability: 2800 degrees Celcius in vacuum
Thermal conductivity: 2400 ± 400 W/m.K


SC - LL - 1 Single-walled nanotubes-COOH functionalized
Purity > 98 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 70 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 15 - 30 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <2 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($200/gm)11-25gms($180/gm)26-50gms($160/gm) SC - LL - 2 Single-walled nanotubes-COOH functionalized Purity > 90 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 65 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 15 - 30 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <5 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($190/gm)11-25gms($170/gm)26-50gms($150/gm) SC - LL - 3 Single-walled nanotubes-COOH functionalized Purity > 80 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 50 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 0.7 - 2nm (TEM)
Length 15 - 30 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <5 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($180/gm)11-25gms($160/gm)26-50gms($140/gm) 10. OH - FUNCTIONALIZED MWCNT [Short Length] SSA: > 300 m2/g
Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm
Metal Content: Nil
Content of -OH: 1 - 6 wt%
Color: Black
Temperature stability: 700° Celcius in Air


MO - SL - 1 Multi-walled nanotubes-OH functionalized
Purity > 90 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 70 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)

Average Diameter 4 - 12+ nm (TEM)
Length 3- 10 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <5 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($160/gm)11-25gms($140/gm)26-50gms($130/gm) MO - SL - 2 Multi-walled nanotubes-OH functionalized Purity > 80 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 65 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)

Average Diameter 4 - 12+ nm (TEM)
Length 3- 10 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <6 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($150/gm)11-25gms($130/gm)26-50gms($120/gm) MO - SL - 3 Multi-walled nanotubes-OH functionalized Purity > 70 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 50 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)

Average Diameter 4 - 12+ nm (TEM)
Length 3- 10 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <6 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($140/gm)11-25gms($120/gm)26-50gms($110/gm) 11. OH - FUNCTIONALIZED MWCNT [Medium Length] SSA: > 300 m2/g
Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm
Metal Content: Nil
Content of -OH: 1 - 6 wt%
Color: Black
Temperature stability: 700° Celcius in Air


MO - ML - 1 Multi-walled nanotubes-OH functionalized
Purity > 90 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 70 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)

Average Diameter 4 - 12+ nm (TEM)
Length 5- 15 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <5 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($160/gm)11-25gms($140/gm)26-50gms($130/gm) MO - ML - 2 Multi-walled nanotubes-OH functionalized Purity > 80 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 65 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12+ nm (TEM)
Length 5- 15 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <6 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($150/gm)11-25gms($130/gm)26-50gms($120/gm) MO - ML - 3 Multi-walled nanotubes-OH functionalized Purity > 70 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 50 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12+ nm (TEM)
Length 5- 15 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <6 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($140/gm)11-25gms($120/gm)26-50gms($110/gm) 12. OH - FUNCTIONALIZED MWCNT [Long Length] SSA: > 300 m2/g
Conductivity: 102~~10-4 S/cm
Metal Content: Nil
Content of -OH: 1 - 6 wt%
Color: Black
Temperature stability: 700° Celcius in Air


MO - LL - 1 Multi-walled nanotubes-OH functionalized
Purity > 90 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 70 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12+ nm (TEM)
Length 15- 30 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <5 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($160/gm)11-25gms($140/gm)26-50gms($130/gm) MO - LL - 2 Multi-walled nanotubes-OH functionalized Purity > 80 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 60 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)

Average Diameter 4 - 12+ nm (TEM)
Length 15- 30 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <6 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($150/gm)11-25gms($130/gm)26-50gms($120/gm) MO - LL - 3 Multi-walled nanotubes-OH functionalized Purity > 70 vol% (carbon nanotubes)
> 50 vol% (single-walled nanotubes)
Average Diameter 4 - 12+ nm (TEM)
Length 15- 30 µm
Amorphous Carbon Content <6 wt% Price Range 1-10gms($140/gm)11-25gms($120/gm)26-50gms($110/gm)

MOORE’S PREDICTION: CNT CANT REPLACE SILICON

Although many believe the future of the computing industry lies with building chips out of carbon nanotubes or other novel materials, Intel co-founder Gordon Moore predicts it won't be easy to replace silicon.

"I will admit to being a skeptic to these things for replacing digital silicon," he told. He also told about artificial intelligence, Intel's future, and the early days of Silicon Valley.

Although he retired several years ago, Moore will be a very visible figure during the next few months. April 19 will mark the 40th anniversary of an article he wrote for Electronics Magazine that first sketched out the idea of Moore's Law. The observation, which predicts that engineers can double the number of transistors on a chip every 24 months, has been the fundamental principle of the computing industry and paved the way for making computers and cell phones that are cheaper, faster and more powerful.

While he says he isn't up on the latest technological nuances, his skepticism about novel materials replacing silicon derives from practicality. Modern-day microprocessors contain hundreds of millions of transistors, and soon will have billions, and, to break even, manufacturers have to pop out millions of these complex devices. Although researchers have been able to produce individual nanotube transistors, the ability to mass produce hasn't been shown.

Still, continuing to produce chips on silicon has its problems too. Designers have been able to put more transistors on chips for decades by shrinking the size of the transistors, but they are now at the point where some structures inside chips are only a few atoms thick.

"Any material made of atoms has a fundamental limit," Moore said. Then what is the solution? Make the chips bigger. Carbon nanotubes, he added, wouldn't be completely left out. They could be used to replace the metal interconnects between the transistors.

GOLD PARTICLES DELIVER MORE THAN JUST GLITTER!

Using tiny gold particles and infrared light, MIT researchers have developed a drug-delivery system that allows multiple drugs to be released in a controlled fashion. Such a system could one day be used to provide more control when battling diseases commonly treated with more than one drug, according to the researchers.

Delivery devices already exist that can release two drugs, but the timing of the release must be built into the device -- it cannot be controlled from outside the body. The new system is controlled externally and theoretically could deliver up to three or four drugs. The new technique takes advantage of the fact that when gold nanoparticles are exposed to infrared light, they melt and release drug payloads attached to their surfaces.

Nanoparticles of different shapes respond to different infrared wavelengths, so just by controlling the infrared wavelength, the release time can be chosen for each drug. The research team built two different shapes of nanoparticles, which they call "nanobones" and "nanocapsules." Nanobones melt at light wavelengths of 1,100 nanometers, and nanocapsules at 800 nanometers.

In the ACS Nano study, the researchers tested the particles with a payload of DNA. Each nanoparticle can carry hundreds of strands of DNA, and could also be engineered to transport other types of drugs. In theory, up to four different-shaped particles could be developed, each releasing its payload at different wavelengths.

NEW HORIZON IN TITANIUM DIOXIDE

There is growing interest in smaller, truly nano-sized titanium dioxide particles with well-defined crystallinity and a range of geometries from spheres to rods and tubes, that are relevant to applications in composites, photovoltaics, sensors, and catalysis. High aspect ratios, in particular, introduce high surface to volume ratios, network forming abilities, and opportunities to control anisotropic properties.

At NSTI (Nano Science and Technology Institute) Nanotech 2008, different synthetic strategies were reported for producing high aspect ratio titanium dioxide nanostructures. Titanium dioxide is commonly obtained via hydrolysis of metal alkoxides or halides; however, enhanced control over the reaction can be achieved in non-hydrous conditions. Dimensions of the resulting nanorods, and even their crystal phase, can be adjusted using different structure directing agents to adsorb to the growing surfaces. Typical products are small, single crystal nanorods of anatase (~ 3 25 nm), although aging reactions under suitable conditions yield single crystal rutile nanorods (15 x 135 nm). The more conventional hydrolytic synthesis can be dramatically accelerated (can around an order of magnitude) when performed on a microfluidic chip, as compared to the conventional bulk reaction. This first example of an on-chip synthesis of nanorods showed that the rapid mixing and controlled environment provides useful benefits, even though monodispersity was not significantly affected.

More recently using a novel, phase transfer process, in suspension, natural photocatalytic properties have been exploited of titania to remove the structure directing ligands without causing agglomeration. After the reaction, the nanorods can be fully dispersed in aqueous solution, or functionalised as desired. The nanorods can be dispersed in a range of polymers to create optically clear nanocomposites with UV-filtering characteristics; by functionalising the titania with a monolayer of silane, the degradation of the matrix can be suppressed. The nanorods also offer valuable advantages in photovoltaic devices.